Researchers Identify 25 New Biomarkers for Cyanide Poisoning

Tokyo, June 16 (Jiji Press)–Researchers in Japan have identified 25 new biomarkers for cyanide poisoning, a finding that could sharpen criminal investigations and improve forensic determinations of cause of death. The study, conducted by a team of researchers at institutions including Kindai University in Osaka Prefecture and the Aichi prefectural police department, was published in May in an international toxicology journal. Cyanide is an acutely toxic substance that has been used in murders and terrorist attacks. Detecting it requires sophisticated analysis, and blood concentrations decline over time, prompting researchers to develop alternative methods based on cyanide-related metabolites. The team, led by Kindai professor Kei Zaitsu, analyzed metabolic changes in mice after cyanide exposure by comprehensively measuring a broad range of metabolites. The researchers identified 25 compounds that distinguished exposed and nonexposed subjects with high precision. They plan to validate the biomarkers further using human autopsy samples and other specimens. The researchers also examined 2-aminothiazoline-4-carboxylic acid, or ATCA, a cyanide metabolite long regarded as a promising biomarker. Because ATCA can be generated through reactions involving dietary components, scientists have questioned whether food intake could affect its reliability. Tests using three types of feed with differing ingredient compositions showed little effect on ATCA production, supporting its potential usefulness as a forensic indicator. “If these biomarkers are validated, they could improve forensic testing techniques,” Zaitsu said. “A broader recognition that crimes involving cyanide will not go undetected could also have a deterrent effect.” Kazuaki Hisatsune, a researcher at the Aichi prefectural police’s forensic laboratory, said, “We hope to utilize ATCA and the newly identified biomarkers to achieve more accurate assessments.” END [Copyright The Jiji Press, Ltd.]